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linux下安装nginx及开机自启动

FreshMan2021年04月26日 12:291815

简介一、安装nginx1.从http://nginx.org/download/上下载相应的版本(或者wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.5.9.tar.gz直接在Linux上用命令下载)wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.5.9.tar.gz2.解压tar -zxvf nginx-1.5.9.tar.gz 3.设

一、安装nginx

1.从http://nginx.org/download/上下载相应的版本(或者wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.5.9.tar.gz直接在Linux上用命令下载)


wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.5.9.tar.gz

2.解压


tar -zxvf nginx-1.5.9.tar.gz 

3.设置一下配置信息,或者不执行此步,直接默认配置,与后面配置有关


./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx 

4.make 编译 (make的过程是把各种语言写的源码文件,变成可执行文件和各种库文件)


make

5.make install 安装 (make install是把这些编译出来的可执行文件和库文件复制到合适的地方)


make install

6.启动nginx


/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

7.访问nginx,nginx默认端口为80




8.安装过程中可能会遇到的错误


(1)错误为:./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.


安装pcre-devel解决问题


yum -y install pcre-devel

(2)错误提示:./configure: error: the HTTP cache module requires md5 functions

from OpenSSL library. You can either disable the module by using

–without-http-cache option, or install the OpenSSL library into the system,

or build the OpenSSL library statically from the source with nginx by using

–with-http_ssl_module –with-openssl= options.


解决办法:


yum -y install openssl openssl-devel

二、nginx开机自启动

1.在linux系统的/etc/init.d/目录下创建nginx文件


vim /etc/init.d/nginx

2.在脚本中添加如下命令:


#!/bin/sh

#

# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon

#

# chkconfig:   - 85 15

# description:  NGINX is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \

#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server

# processname: nginx

# config:      /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

# config:      /etc/sysconfig/nginx

# pidfile:     /var/run/nginx.pid

# Source function library.

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.

. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.

[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"

prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

make_dirs() {

# make required directories

user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`

if [ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; then

   useradd -M -s /bin/nologin $user

fi

options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`

for opt in $options; do

   if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then

       value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`

       if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then

           # echo "creating" $value

           mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value

       fi

   fi

done

}

start() {

[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5

[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6

make_dirs

echo -n $"Starting $prog: "

daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE

retval=$?

echo

[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile

return $retval

}

stop() {

echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "

killproc $prog -QUIT

retval=$?

echo

[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile

return $retval

}

restart() {

configtest || return $?

stop

sleep 1

start

}

reload() {

configtest || return $?

echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "

killproc $nginx -HUP

RETVAL=$?

echo

}

force_reload() {

restart

}

configtest() {

$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE

}

rh_status() {

status $prog

}

rh_status_q() {

rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1

}

case "$1" in

start)

    rh_status_q && exit 0

    $1

    ;;

stop)

    rh_status_q || exit 0

    $1

    ;;

restart|configtest)

    $1

    ;;

reload)

    rh_status_q || exit 7

    $1

    ;;

force-reload)

    force_reload

    ;;

status)

    rh_status

    ;;

condrestart|try-restart)

    rh_status_q || exit 0

        ;;

 *)

    echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"

    exit 2

esac

3.如果你是自定义编译安装的nginx,需要根据您的安装路径修改下面这两项配置:


nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" 修改成nginx执行程序的路径。

 

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf" 修改成配置文件的路径。

4.保存脚本文件后设置文件的执行权限:


chmod a+x /etc/init.d/nginx

5.通过该脚本启动停止nginx服务


/etc/init.d/nginx start

/etc/init.d/nginx stop

6.使用chkconfig进行管理,将nginx服务加入chkconfig管理列表


chkconfig --add /etc/init.d/nginx

7.使用service对nginx进行启动,停止。重启等操作


service nginx start

service nginx stop

8.设置终端模式开机启动


chkconfig nginx on

三、发布静态资源

1.确定静态资源存放位置


/home/images

2.修改nginx.conf配置文件


vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

3.主要修改如下:


#user  nobody;

worker_processes  1;

 

#error_log  logs/error.log;

#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;

#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

 

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;

 

 

events {

worker_connections  1024;

}

 

 

http {

include       mime.types;

default_type  application/octet-stream;

 

#log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

#                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

#                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

 

#access_log  logs/access.log  main;

 

sendfile        on;

#tcp_nopush     on;

 

#keepalive_timeout  0;

keepalive_timeout  65;

 

#gzip  on;

 

server {

    listen       80;

    server_name  localhost;

 

    #charset koi8-r;

     charset utf-8;    

 

    #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

 

     location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png)$ {    

    expires 24h;    

        root /home/images/;#指定图片存放路径    

        access_log /home/softs/nginx-1.5.9/logs/images.log;#日志存放路径    

        proxy_store on;    

        proxy_store_access user:rw group:rw all:rw;    

        proxy_temp_path         /home/images/;#图片访问路径    

        proxy_redirect          off;    

        proxy_set_header        Host 127.0.0.1;    

        client_max_body_size    10m;    

        client_body_buffer_size 1280k;    

        proxy_connect_timeout   900;    

        proxy_send_timeout      900;    

        proxy_read_timeout      900;    

        proxy_buffer_size       40k;    

        proxy_buffers           40 320k;    

        proxy_busy_buffers_size 640k;    

        proxy_temp_file_write_size 640k;    

        if ( !-e $request_filename)    

        {    

             proxy_pass  http://127.0.0.1;#默认80端口    

        }    

}      

 

    location / {

        root   /home/html; #html访问路径  

        index  index.html index.htm;

    }

 

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

 

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html

    #

    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

    location = /50x.html {

        root   html;

    }

 

    # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80

    #

    #location ~ \.php$ {

    #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;

    #}

 

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000

    #

    #location ~ \.php$ {

    #    root           html;

    #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;

    #    fastcgi_index  index.php;

    #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;

    #    include        fastcgi_params;

    #}

 

    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root

    # concurs with nginx's one

    #

    #location ~ /\.ht {

    #    deny  all;

    #}

}

 

 

# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration

#

#server {

#    listen       8000;

#    listen       somename:8080;

#    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

 

#    location / {

#        root   html;

#        index  index.html index.htm;

#    }

#}

 

 

# HTTPS server

#

#server {

#    listen       443 ssl;

#    server_name  localhost;

 

#    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;

#    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

 

#    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;

#    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

 

#    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;

#    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

 

#    location / {

#        root   html;

#        index  index.html index.htm;

#    }

#}

 

}

4.查看编译是否出错,如果没出错则成功


cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/

./nginx -t

5.显示如下即代表成功(如果报目录不存在错误,就创建目录即可)


nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful